U.S. Geological Survey |
New Jersey District | U.S. Geological Survey |
New Jersey District |
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Report Strata Constituents Well Use Number Major Findings
of wells
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Coastal Plain - New Jersey
Louis and Vowinkel, 1989, PRM and Pesticides and domestic, 81 -Pesticide residues detected in 33% of wells - most frequent
Proceedings of a National Kirkwood- nutrients irrigation, and detections were for metabolites of aldicarb, carbofuran, atrazine,
Research Conference: Cohansey public supply alachlor, and chloroform.
Pesticides in Terrestrial and -NO3 concentrations exceeded 10 mg/l in 33% of wells.
Aquatic environments.
Szabo and others, 1994, Kirkwood- Pesticides and observation 5 -Pesticides and NO3 found primarily in agricultural areas.
Proceedings of the 4th Cohansey nitrate nested -NO3 detected at all depths, pesticides only at <70 feet below land
National Conference on sites surface.
Pesticides: New directions
in pesticide research,
development, management,
and policy
Navoy, A., 1993, USGS-OFR PRM VOCs Public Supply -GW flow model with particle tracking indicates PS wells are
93-454 vulnerable to contamination by VOCs.
-Results supported by available water-quality data.
Barton and others, USGS-OFR Kirkwood- phenols, trace Public supply, 166 -Data Report
92-631 Cohansey and elements, irrigation,
AC 800-ft nutrients, commercial,
Sand VOCs, and domestic, and
pesticides observation
Fusillo and others, 1985, outcrop of VOCs Municipal, 315 -VOCs detected in all three aquifer units. Distribution of
Ground Water, v23, #3 PRM aquifer industrial detections related to land use in outcrop area.
system irrigation, and -TCE, PCE, and benzene were the most frequently detected
observation compounds.
Barton and others, 1987, WRI northern VOCs, trace Public supply, 71 -Ground-water quality significantly related to land-use and
87-4023 portion of elements, domestic, hydrogeologic variables
PRM outcrop major ions, observation, -VOCs were detected most frequently, and NO3 concentrations
nutrients, and unused were highest, in urban areas.
pesticides -Pesticides were detected most frequently, and DO concentrations
were highest, in agricultural areas.
Vowinkel and Battaglin, 1995, Kirkwood- VOCs, trace Public supply, 1100 -Concentrations of numerous compounds are greater in water from
WSP 2381-D Cohansey and elements, domestic, the outcrop area of the PRM than downdip.
PRM aquifer major ions, industrial, -Concentrations of numerous compounds are greater in water from
systems nutrients, and irrigation, the outcrop area of the PRM than the outcrop area of the K-C.
pesticides observation -Concentrations of many constituents are related to land use.
-Effects of land use are similar in the outcrop of the PRM and K-C
Vowinkel, 199?, Proceedings of PRM aquifer Pesticides and Public supply 558 -PS wells ranked as having high, medium, or low vulnerability to
Toxics conference, system NO3 pesticide contamination based on variables describing the
Colorado Springs, CO. sensitivity of an aquifer to contamination and the intensity of
pesticide use in sensitive areas.
-NO3 used as a surrogate for pesticides to test accuracy of model
-Concentrations of NO3 in water samples were significantly larger
in medium and high vulnerability groups than in the low group.
Vowinkel and others, 1994, PRM aquifer Pesticides and Public supply 2300 -2300 PS wells ranked as having high, medium, or low
Proceedings of the 4th system of NO3 vulnerability to pesticide contamination based on variables
National Conference on Coastal Plain describing the sensitivity of an aquifer to contamination and the
Pesticides: New Directions and various intensity of pesticide use in sensitive areas.
in pesticide research, aquifers in -Most important criteria in determining sensitivity of water to
development, management, northern NJ contamination of a PS well in the PRM system is its location
and policy. relative to the outcrop of the aquifer in which it is screened.
Vowinkel, Current project PRM aquifer Pesticides and Public supply 90 -stratified subset of the 2300 PS wells used in Vowinkel and others,
system of NO3 ????; 30 wells in each the high, medium, and low vulnerability
Coastal Plain groups.
and various -Each well will be sampled for pesticides and NO3
aquifers in -Observed results will be compared to predicted vulnerability
northern NJ grouping to determine accuracy of model.
Vowinkel and Tapper, 1995, outcrop areas NO3, VOCs, Public supply, 233 -shallow wells screened within 30 meters land surface
WRI 93-4178 of Kirkwood- pestcides, domestic -NO3 concentrations elevated in agricultural areas
Cohansey and -isotopes indicate source of nitrate predominantly fertilizers
PRM aquifers
Coastal Plain - Long Island
Koppelman, 1978, Nassau- upper glacial VOCs, ? ? -VOCs detected in shallow and deep portions of aquifer system in
Suffolk Regional Planning and Magothy nutrients both counties.
Board, v.4 in Nassau and
Suffolk COs.
Myott, 1980, Nassau County upper glacial, VOCs, Public supply 684 -VOCs found throughout aquifer system (detected in 54%, 37%,
Department of Health - Magothy, and pesticides, and and 11% of shallow, intermediate and deep wells).
1978 report year Lloyd herbicides, monitoring -Nitrate-nitrogen greater than 10 mg/L detected in 13%, 5%, and
aquifers in and inorganics 0% of shallow, intermediate and deep wells.
Nassau
County
Eckhardt and others, 1989, upper glacial VOCs, Production 903 -Shallow ground-water quality affected by human activities.
WRI 86-4142 in Nassau and inorganics, and -Spatial distribution of TCA and TCE directly correlated with
Suffolk COs. nutrients, and monitoring population density.
pesticides
Eckhardt and Stackelberg, upper glacial VOCs, boron, observation 90 -5 land-use areas located along regional gw divide
1995, Ground Water, in in Nassau and nitrate, and -90 randomly located wells screened within 40 ft. of water table
press Suffolk COs. pesticides -Spatial distribution of contaminants related to land use
-Statistically significant relations between shallow gw quality and
variables representing the type and degree of human activities.
Stackelberg, 1995, WRI 94- upper glacial VOCs, Public supply, 207 -5 land-use areas located along regional gw divide
4080 and Magothy nutrients, observation -207 randomly located wells screened in shallow, intermediate,
aquifers in trace elements and deep zones of aquifer system
Nassau and -distribution of contaminants related to land use and depth
Suffolk COs. -areas sewered for over 20 years show signs of improving QW
Pearsall, 1988, unpublished upper glacial - inorganics observation 90 -Comparison of native ground-water and current ground-water
conference proceedings Nassau and quality conditions indicate that large proportions of the
Suffolk COs. concentrations of inorganic constituents in shallow gw are the
result of human activities and not natural geochemical reactions.
Eckhardt and Pearsall, 1989, upper glacial VOCs and Public supply, 105 -TCE detected in 42% of samples and at concentrations as high as
WRI 86-4333 and Magothy inorganics monitoring 38,000 ug/L
in Nassau CO. and cooling -VOCs detected in wells screened more than 400 feet deep.
Feldman and others, 1992, WRI upper glacial VOCs and Public supply, 67 -TCE and PCE detected near water table at concentrations greater
90-4182 and Magothy inorganics industrial, and than 1000 ug/L.
in Nassau CO. observation -VOCs detected more than 500 feet below land surface.
Buxton and others, 1981, OFR upper glacial, chloride, NO3, industrial and 77 -GW resource being reconsidered for supplemental public supply
81-1186 Magothy, major observation -VOCs were sampled but retention time exceeded, therefore,
Jameco inorganics, results not entered into national database
Gravel, and trace elements -upper glacial aquifer contaminated with chloride and NO3 from
Lloyd in salt water encroachment and human activities.
Kings and -deeper aquifers contaminated in areas with good hydraulic
Queens COs. connection between shallow and deep aquifers.
Cartwright, Current project upper glacial, VOCs, industrial, ~80 -sites from Buxton and others, 1981 being resampled
Magothy, inorganics, observation -some additional observational wells installed and sampled
Jameco nutrients, -analyses include suite of VOCs
Gravel, and trace elements -all QW data will have been collected by end of `95 field season
Lloyd in
Kings and
Queens COs;
Buxton and others, 1993, WRI upper glacial aldicarb and domestic, 72 -aldicarb applied in large quantities from 1975-79
93-???? in agricultural tritium observation, -movement of aldicarb is conservative with virtually no decay
area of Suffolk and -aldicarb persists within aquifer
Co. temporarily
screened
intervals
Piedmont and New England provinces of northern New Jersey
Serfes, in press, NJ Geological Crystalline major and Ambient 43 -Ambient network - sites near known pollution sources and those
Survey - GSR ?? bedrock of minor ions, network where VOCs were detected were excluded from analysis.
New England nutrients, -Ground water is of the calcium bicarbonate type.
province radionuclides, -Ground water rarely exceeds any health based standards,
and VOCs however, locally may need treatment for undesirable
characteristics or constituents.
-10% of samples exceeded the gross-alpha particle activity
standard.
Nicholson and others, 199?, Valley-fill, Major ions, observation, 76 -QW affected by human activities, especially in northern and
WRI 93-???? carbonate, nutrients, Public central parts of study area
gneiss, and TEs, VOCs, Supply, -VOCs detected in 5 wells tapping valley-fill aquifers
conglomerate and isotopes domestic, and -VOCs detected in 4 wells tapping carbonate aquifers
aquifers in commercial -major ions and TEs generally near or below reporting limits
New England
province
Serfes, 1994, NJ Geological Bedrock of major and Ambient 150 -Ambient network - sites near known pollution sources and those
Survey - GSR 35 the Piedmont minor ions, network where VOCs were detected were excluded from analysis.
nutrients, -Ground water is of the calcium-magnesium-sodium bicarbonate
radionuclides, type.
and VOCs -Ground water rarely exceeds any health based standards,
however, locally may need treatment for undesirable
characteristics or constituents.
-6.5% samples exceeded gross-alpha particle activity and 3%
exceeded the radium standard.
Czarnick and Kozinski, 1994, glacial VOCs, trace Public supply 71 -No inorganics detected at concentrations greater than established
WRI 92-4083 sediments, elements, and in primary drinking-water standards
sedimentary common ions, observation -VOCs were rarely detected
and igneous and nutrients, -Ground water is of the calcium bicarbonate type
bedrock in the -Tritium was detected in almost every sample.
Piedmont
Schaefer and others, 1993, WRI glacial major ions. observation, 29 -concentrations of most TEs and nutrients less than MCLs
91-4169 deposits in the TEs, withdrawal, -VOCs detected in 50% of wells in valley fill sediments
Piedmont nutrients, and test, unused
VOCs
Vowinkel and others, 1994, various Pesticides and Public supply 2300 -2300 PS wells ranked as having high, medium, or low
Proceedings of the 4th bedrock and NO3 vulnerability to pesticide contamination based on variables
National Conference on valley-fill describing the sensitivity of an aquifer to contamination and the
Pesticides: New Directions aquifers of the intensity of pesticide use in sensitive areas.
in pesticide research, Piedmont and -All PS wells in the Piedmont province are sensitive to
development, management, New England contamination because of the absence of confining units and the
and policy. and the PRM shallow depth to the top of the open interval.
of the Coastal -The predominant land use within a 800-m buffer around a well is
Plain a significant predictor of NO3 concentrations in sensitive parts of
an aquifer system.
Vowinkel, Current project various Pesticides and Public supply 90 -stratified subset of the 2300 PS wells used in Vowinkel and others,
bedrock and NO3 ????; 30 wells in each the high, medium, and low vulnerability
valley-fill groups.
aquifers of the -Each well will be sampled for pesticides and NO3
Piedmont and -Observed results will be compared to predicted vulnerability
New England grouping to determine accuracy of model.
and the PRM
of the Coastal
Plain
Clawges and Vowinkel,199?, bedrock NO3 Public supply, 132 -NO3 greater in residential and agricultural areas
in press aquifers of the
Piedmont
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